The previous post is simply the headline results; we need to wait for the full results that will be presented at the ECTRIMS/ACTRIMS meeting from the 19 – 22 October 2011, in Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
The important differences between the phase 2 and 3 studies are:
- The patients in the phase 2 study the diagnosis of MS had to be within 3 years of symptom onset and subjects had to have at least two relapses in the 2 years prior to study entry (i.e., the initial event if within 2 years of study entry plus ≥1 relapse, or ≥2 relapses if the initial event was between 2 and 3 years prior to study entry).
- In the phase 3 study the diagnosis of MS had to be within 5 years of symptom onset and subjects had to have two or more MS attacks within 24 months, with at least one attack within the last 12 months.
We don’t know why but relapses occurring within the first 2 years of symptom onset are much more meaningful with regard to prognosis (more on that later in another post). Therefore selecting MS’ers for treatment based on high-activity with in this period selects for subjects with more active and aggressive MS.
Finally, the phase 2 study tested two doses of Alemtuzumab (low and a high dose), where as the phase 3 study only tested the low dose. This is important as the high dose was more effective than the low dose; this will explain why the results in the phase 3 study in relation to relapse reduction is not as good as that seen in the phase 2 study.
“Accordingly it might be deduced that the contribution to long-term disability from relapses is minimal, given the virtually uniform survival curves seen for progression following one, multiple or no exacerbations.” Brain. 2006 Mar; 129(Pt 3):584-94Alemtuzumab can't stop disability because relapses and progression are two different things. The hope probably was to stave off relapses in the hope that it may curtail the onset of MS progression, but progression is progression. There’s a different pathology at play.The aim must be to stop progression. The scientists should realise that reducing relapses may not prevent disabilities. Stop wasting time with the immunosuppressant junk and get working on the CNS. That is where, my friends, MS is doing it irreversible damage.